Rothstein Associates Inc.

FACILITY MANAGER'S GUIDE TO SECURITY:
PROTECTING YOUR ASSETS
by Robert N Reid, P.E.

- Provides a guide for building and managing an effective security system for any type
of facility
- Explores both general and sophisticated security systems
- Reviews security clearances, background checks, guards, rounds, and shift work

Covering everything required to build and manage a security system, FACILITY MANAGER’S
GUIDE TO
SECURITY discusses the layout of the facility in order to provide security for workers, plants,
processes,
and products. The book covers distances and separation, fencing, access control, intrusion
detection
systems, pass key, key control systems, locks, hasps, and gates. It also explores more
sophisticated
systems such as closed circuit television, microwave transmitters, lasers, lighting, clear
zone, and
computer systems and control electronic systems. In addition, non-hardware aspects of
security are
examined, including security clearances and background checks, guards, rounds, shift work,
training,
and procedure development.

Written by a former defense department official with 30 years of experience in the defense
sector, this
valuable book explains all aspect s of facility security. Facility managers will discover useful
strategies for
managing security personnel, guards, guard dogs, rounds shift work, training, procedure
development,
and other non-hardware elements of a security program.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
INTRODUCTION

THREATS TO FACILITIES
Security Systems
Facility Functions & Threats

RISK ASSESSMENT
Understanding the Facility's Assets
Knowledge of the Assets
The Risk Assessment Team
Labor
Capital
Material
Knowledge
Threats
Local or Nearby Incidents in the Past
Potential for Future Incidents
Deterrence
Risk Rating or Evaluation
The Dynamic Nature of Risk
Resources

PHYSICAL SEPARATION: FENCES, BARRIERS, GATES, DISTANCE, LIGHTING
Physical Separation: The First Line of Defense
Separation Distances
Barriers
Fence
Walls
Gates
Pedestrian Gates
Guardhouses
Conclusions
Resources

BUILDING ELEMENTS & EXPLOSION BEHAVIOR
Types of Construction
Frame
Cladding
Roofing
Location
Explosions
Mixed Areas
Conclusions
Resources

OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS
Doors
Other Types of Personal Doors
Doors Other Than Personal Doors
Windows
Ventilation & Air Conditioning Openings
Miscellaneous Openings
Conclusions
Resources

ACCESS HARDWARE: MECHANICAL LOCKS, LATCHES, KEYS
Locks & Latches
Situations for Locking & Unlocking
Types of Door Locksets
Keys & Cylinders
The Door Closer
Conclusions
Resources

ELECTRONIC ACCESS HARDWARE: LOCKS
Basic Electrical Principles
Electromagnetic Locks
Electric Strike
Electrified Builders' Hardware
Battery Operated Combination Locks
Conclusions
Resources

ELECTRONIC LOCK CONTROL: GIVING USERS ACCESS
Keypad
Card Readers
Intercom Systems
Biometric Credential Verification
Highest Level Security Systems
Metal Detector
Other Devices to Protect from Intruders
Conclusions
Resources

COMPUTERIZED ACCESS CONTROL
Database Options
Computers
Wiring for Door Signaling Systems
Control Stations

INTRUSION DETECTION: PREVENTING UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS
Intrusion Detection Systems
Response Time
Sensors
Tamper Protection
Duress Alarms
Fence Sensors
Data Transmission
Automatic Communication
Switching from Access to Secure Mode
Conclusions
Resources

CLOSED CIRCUIT TELEVISION SYSTEMS: WHO IS THERE & WHAT ARE THEY DOING?
Cameras
Monitors
Recorders
Multiplexers / Switchers
Internet Protocols
Resources

EAVESDROPPING & VOYEURISM & WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT
Creating the Eavesdropping Detection Inspection Program
Average Cost of Inspection
Additional Tests
Final Report
Important Extras
Counterespionage Is Not a Do-It-Yourself Project

POWER SUPPLY FOR SECURITY SYSTEM DEVICES
Single Line Diagram
Fire Alarm Systems
Main Power Supply
Emergency Power Supplies
Maintenance
Conclusions
Resources

GUARDS & GUARD FORCES
Number & Function of Guards
Uniforms
Firearms
Vehicles
Guardhouses
Communications
Rounds
Logbooks
Pay
Subcontracting for Private Guards
Resources

PEOPLE: PERSONNEL, BADGES, BACKGROUND CHECKS, TRAINING, SYSTEM
TESTING &
SECURITY PROFESSIONAL CERTIFICATION
Staff Issues
Badging Employees
Staff Problems
Background Checks
Drug Testings
Lie Detector or Polygraph Testing
Staff Training
Establishment of a High-level Security Program
Security Professionals
Certification
System Testing
Maintenance
Resources

EMERGENCY RESPONSE
Emergency Response Plan
Emergency Response Team
Drills
Readiness

SECURITY ASSOCIATIONS: WHO CAN YOU TURN TO?

BIBLIOGRAPHY

GLOSSARY

INDEX

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EXCERPT FROM THE FOREWORD
BY JOSEPH F. GUSTIN, AUTHOR OF DISASTER AND RECOVER PLANNING

“Robert Reid's book, FACILITY MANAGER’S GUIDE TO SECURITY: PROTECTING YOUR
ASSETS,
provides the reader with an understanding of security and outlines the steps that are
necessary to
improve facility security. Beginning with the steps necessary to perform a risk assessment,
the book
offers the reader a clear cut understanding of determining a facility's assets. Complete with
case
histories and models the reader is walked through the risk assessment phase.

“Anyone with facility management responsibilities will benefit from Reid's book. It discusses
the various
aspects of facility security including user access, electronic and mechanical access, building
openings,
etc.

“From the most basic and elemental aspects of physical security - locks, alarms, building
openings - to
more advanced security measures like intrusion detection and CCTV, the reader is guided
through the
decision making process.

“The step-by-step, easy to read format provides options for the book's readers. Facility
managers, as
well as those persons charged with the responsibility for a building's security, are given the
“tools” for
determining the most appropriate and viable options.”

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EXCERPT FROM THE PREFACE

“This book is written for people who are responsible for facility security. It tells the manager
everything
he/she needs to know about how to build and manage a security system. It talks about
layout of the
facility in order to provide secure facilities for workers, plants, processes and products. It
explains how to
perform a risk assessment. It explains security for different types of facilities like commercial
property,
schools, hotels, factories, warehouses and government buildings. It covers distances and
separations for
security, fencing, access control, key control systems, locks, hasps, gates, and the more
sophisticated
systems such as intrusion detection systems in burglar alarm systems, closed circuit
television, infrared
detectors, lighting, clear zones and electronic control systems. It addresses pass keys,
mortise and
cylinder locksets, master key, key control programs, thumbprint and retinal scan access
control, voice
print analysis, hand geometry, personnel badging, key pad, electronic key control, drug
tests, security
clearances and background checks. Finally it helps the facility manager to man-age the
security
personnel, guards, rounds, shift work, training, procedure development and those other
non-hardware
elements of a security program.”

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EXCERPT FROM THE INTRODUCTION

“This book, FACILITY MANAGER'S GUIDE TO SECURITY: PROTECTING YOUR ASSETS,
provides
facility managers and security personnel the tools they need to manage and improve facility
security. It
also provides the tools for upgrading a security system. It has been writ-ten for managers who
want to
find out how good their security is and if it needs improvement, how to improve it efficiently
and cost
effectively. It is a guide to help managers and facility staffs perform a risk assessment and
determine if
the present security is adequate. It provides guides for managers in the areas of perimeter
security,
separation distances, clear zones, fences and barricades. Also covered are locks, key
control, electronic
access and entry tracking, CCTV systems, audio surveillance defense, guards and guard
management.
It includes information on security pro-grams, background checks, drug testing and badging
employees.
A chapter has been added about emergency response. It does not address computer
security or viruses
or worms or trojans. Those topics are for computer network security personnel.

“It is a step-by-step guide to understanding security and it provides instructions for security
improvement
should it be necessary.

“The book begins with an assessment of the assets that need to be protected, then shows
how to
perform a risk assessment against those assets. It provides the tools for determining how
much security
to invest in and how much it costs. Is it worth it to protect the asset? Probably, and this book
tells how.

“Included are case histories, models and samples to show exactly what is needed to perform
a risk
assessment and if security improvement is needed, it tells how to do it. It includes how to
assess
perimeter security, types of building construction, doors, walls and other openings and how to
control and
protect them. It includes detailed explanations of door hardware and control, locksets and
key
management. Also includes costs and replacement of door hardware and keys. It includes
assessment
of personnel doors and vehicle doors for commercial and industrial facilities.

“The book goes further into access control by explaining how locks work and which ones are
more
secure than others and why. It explains how to assess the risk to a facility and whether or
not to upgrade
door hardware, how to do it and how much it will cost. The book has guides, illustrations and
lessons
learned to help make the best and most cost effective decisions for a facility.

“The material includes all of the newer types of electronic hardware for door control, pass
keys, electronic
locks, card readers and many of the more recent electronic devices used by employees for
access into
buildings or into controlled spaces within buildings. It explains how these systems work and
how to have
them installed. It also provides information on the latest computer systems used to track
personnel, use
of card readers and how to provide access control for a facility using these new systems.

“However, the book does not stop with getting in. It goes on to discuss intrusion detection
devices and
how they work. It also addresses other types of intrusion detection equipment like infra-red
sensors,
ultrasonic listening devices, microwave transmitters, smart wire fences and many more types
of
applications.

“Included are the many applications of closed circuit television systems (CCTV) and how they
work, how
they are installed and how much they cost. What type of cameras does a facility need to
consider when
buying? It includes samples of different types of CCTV cameras and what the limitations are.

“It also covers the electronic applications of integrating these systems and the hardware and
software to
support them. How effective are they, how much do they cost and are they worth it?
This book addresses the power supplies for these integrated systems and how to make sure
they are
robust enough to support even the most difficult applications.

“The book provides guides to badge personnel, how to set up a badging program and how
long it takes
to badge employees. What questions can legally be asked and where to store the
information. The book
also provides information on setting up a drug testing program. The book provides insights
into
management of security forces, guards and the trade-offs of hiring internal guard staff or
contracting this
service out. Lessons learned provide insight into the advantages and disadvantages of each
type of
program. The book also provides guides into setting up an emergency response program.

“FACILITY MANAGER'S GUIDE TO SECURITY: PROTECTING YOUR ASSETS is full of
guides, charts,
surveys and illustrations to make your job more cost effective and easier. Included are case
histories and
lessons learned that can be applied to every facility.

“The first task begins with a Threat Assessment in Chapter 1. Enjoy your new security.”

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2005, 361 pages. Order #DR765.
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4 Arapaho Rd.

Brookfield, CT 06804-3104

1-888-ROTHSTEin

Telephone: 203.740.7444; 888.768.4783

Fax: 203.740.7401

All bookstore enquiries should be sent to Rothstein Associates at the above address.

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